Causes of Macbeths Downfall Essay

Shakespeare’s Macbeth, based on a play written in 1605 explores the life journey of Macbeth as he climbs the ladder of the social hierarchy. Determined to become King, Macbeth will kill any and all that get in his way. Driven by ambition, Macbeth puts his faith in the words and prophecies of three witches after a prediction that Macbeth would gain the new title of Thane of Cawdor. Alongside with ambition, Lady Macbeth, is a key instrument to Macbeths’ ambition to become king, continuously pressuring him, when he fears he has gone too in his schemes for greatness. We can definitely see a well – regarded and loyal soldier of the Scottish army change to a murderous tyrant. His downfall is complete and he is responsible for his fate. It is his ambition, the influence of his wife, Lady Macbeth and the prophesies of the three witches and then his misplaced confidence in his invulnerability that causes his decline. These all contribute to the primary reasons for Macbeth s moral downfall as he climbs the ladder of success. The term ‘moral downfall’ refers to the emotional and social impact as oppose to a physical downfall, which is described as a step back in society, including the loss of money, fortune, family, social life and wellbeing. By succumbing to committing evil acts to achieve his ambition, he basically destroys Macbeths morality, leading to his downfall. Macbeths Ambition In Shakespeare’s Macbeth, ambition is the main theme that the protagonist, Macbeth, possesses. To be ambitious is basically an eager or strong desire to achieve something, such as fame or power. In Macbeth, ambition is a main theme. Macbeth, the protagonist and tragic hero in William Shakespeare’s Macbeth, possesses hamartia. Hamartia, named by Aristotle in Poetics, is a tragic flaw possessed by any tragic hero. Over the course of the play, Macbeth’s ambition grows. He succeeds in murdering Duncan, being named the new king, and ruling the kingdom. As his success grows, so does his ambitious nature. Fearing that the rest of the witches’ prophecy will come true (that Banquo’s sons will be kings), Macbeth decides to murder both him and his son (namely Fleance). Still feeling threatened, Macbeth murders Macduff’s family (to send a message of his power to Macduff). It is evident in the play that this theme exists. We can definitely see that Macbet h uses  his ambition to justify bad and evil actions, whereas most will use it for good. Not only it is seen throughout the course of the play, he’s ambition is revealed by Macbeth in Act 1, Scene 7. As mentioned in lines 25-27, Macbeth says: I have no spur to prick the sides of my intent, but only vaulting ambition, which o’erleaps itself and falls on th’ other. Macbeth, trying to rationalise his impending murder of King Duncan, continues his great â€Å"If it were done† which was a technique incorporated by Shakespeare called a soliloquy. As Macbeth has just explained to himself, there’s no real justification for the crime—Duncan is his relative, a meek and moral man, a good king, and, furthermore, a guest at his castle. All this argues against so bloody a deed, which will appear unjustifiable to mortal and divine eyes alike. Therefore, Macbeth has no â€Å"spur† to prick his intent, which is likened to a wild steed—no motivation to inspire the murder. Continuing the horse metaphor, he can only draw on â€Å"vaulting ambition†: an intense desire for power. His desire vaults even beyond its intrinsic limits (â€Å"oâ€℠¢erleaps itself†) to land on â€Å"th’other† (the other side)—possibly, to land somewhere unknown and beyond reason, as Macbeth regrets that he is motivated only by ambition and not by some more worthy motive. Those propelled by ambition often end up worse than they were before once the deed is done. Through this quote mentioned in Macbeths’ soliloquy in Act 1, Scene 7, it is evident that Macbeth is driven by his ambition to kill for power as his only motivation to gain the crown leading to Macbeths’ moral downfall. Lady Macbeth Alongside with Macbeths’ ambition to become Thane of Cawdor, his wife, Lady Macbeth is another influential being that causes Macbeths downfall. As the lead up to the event of King Duncan’s murder Lady Macbeth tricks Macbeth into killing Duncan by using her cunning and complicated words. She makes Macbeth think that he has to kill Duncan for his benefit. Lady Macbeth deceives him into thinking that only he would gain more power, and it wouldn’t benefit her. Lady Macbeth counters Macbeths’ arguments by saying that he needs to muster up all of his courage, and just follow here directions. Lady Macbeth plans the murder strategies, and influences Macbeth to go along with her strategy. Macbeth doesn’t want to kill a good king for his own ambitions, but is persuaded to do it. From Lady Macbeth persuading  him to kill Duncan, the first evil act he commits, he is drawn into believing the witches’ prophecies, and takes action to make them come true. Through various quotes by Lady Macbeth, it is evident to say that with each other by their sides, was a negative influence to the lead up of Macbeths’ downfall. Lady Macbeth blames her husband for lacking the courage to do the deed, and because Macbeth is a warrior above everything else, her comments manipulate him a good deal. Indeed, â€Å"manliness† is an idea the play interrogates in various ways, such as when Macbeth says â€Å"I dare do all that may become a man who dares do more is none† (1.7.46-47). This is the belief that his wife use against him: â€Å"When you durst do it, then you were a man and to be more than what you were, you would be so much more a man† (1.7.51-53). In short, it is by means of his manhood, fundamental to his belief of himself as warrior, that Lady Macbeth manipulates her husband. Through these quotes, revealed by Lady Macbeth, we can establish that Lady Macbeth was another factor influencing the decision-making of Macbeth, thereby causing his downfall. Three Witches With the influence of Macbeths’ ambition driving him to kill King Duncan as well as Macbeths’ wife, Lady Macbeth, driving him to fulfil his ambition, although there is another factor in Macbeths’ downfall. At the start of the play, the three witches inform Macbeth that he is destined to be king, as they are responsible for the introduction of the ideas that caused Duncan’s death and Macbeth’s destruction but not for Macbeth’s actions themselves. Ultimately the witches represents his fate and symbolise the dark side of humanity and the evilness of these beings, is evident that from the beginning when they meet and choose Macbeth to be their plaything. They live to torture and harass. While they do not physically create the downfall of any human, they do lead the humans to fall by their own demise, by way of misleading illusions. In Act 1, Scene 3 the three witches make a chilling prophecy saying: â€Å"All hail, Macbeth, hail to thee, thane of Cawdor!† and â€Å"All hail, Macbeth, thou shalt be king hereafter!† each revealing Macbeths’ future. In these lines, it is evident that Macbeth thinks about what being king would be like and since he is known as a brave warrior, this causes him to break down even more. This is the other role that they play in the downfall of Macbeth. These predictions by the three  witches soon motivates Macbeth to commit actions of evil and selfishness, which includes the murder of his best friend Banquo and the murders of Macduff’s’ family. By Macbeth becoming over confident we can see he has lost his moral values from becoming a well-liked and respected Scottish Gener al to an evil murderous fool. To conclude, the factors contributing to Macbeths’ moral downfall include his ambition to become King of Scotland by murdering his cousin, King Duncan, and the primary factor which was his wife, Lady Macbeth, that influenced him to commit such immoral acts through the insulting nature Lady Macbeth adopts. Finally, the last factor is the witches’ prophecies which drove Macbeth into believing he will be king and will have all this fame and power. However, he soon realises that he lost more than he received. We can see that Macbeth experienced a moral downfall as oppose to a downfall, which is described as a step back in society, including the loss of money, fortune, family, social life and wellbeing. We can see in Shakespeare’s Macbeth that Macbeth experienced a moral downfall as he climbed the hierarchy only to achieve nothing but hatred and loss of loved ones.

An Event That Changed My Attitude Towards Life Essay

An accident last year changed my attitude towards life . That accident had a great impact on me , it taught me to treasure what i have and to treasure those people around me more . Although the accident was not life threatening , it was still the scariest thing i had ever been through in life . It was an accident that no one would have expected and wanted it to happen . The accident happened sometime last year during the june holidays , while i was having my council annual camp . It was the second day of the camp and we were all playing the four corners captains ball . I love ball games , as long as it is a sport but who knew such an accident would happen on me . When the game started , students were banging and pushing everyone they see as long as they are not from the same team . As the game goes into the second half , competitiveness began to rise , actions of defending and attacking was beginning to seem more obvious . It was finally my turn to play, i was so excited that i ran around attacking and defending , supporting my teammates as an when they needed me . After a while , there was a free throw ball , therefore i decided to slow walk backwards. Before slow walking backwards , i checked that there wasn’t anyone behind me just to prevent any accident to occur . After making sure that it was safe to walk backwards , i then proceeded walking backwards , but who knew a girl that was thrice my size ran pass me and i tripped over her leg and instantly fell backwards . The only thing that in my mind was not to let my head hit against the concrete ground hence i used my right hand to break my fall . I fell against the ground and my right hand lost its strength immediately. I thought that it was just a small injury therefore i just stood up , bear with the pain and walked back to my team’s home ground . While i was walking back , i felt that something was wrong as i could not move my wrist area at all . Due to my CCA we are all required to learn first aid , therefore i could sense something was terribly wrong . I then went to my friend who was also in my CCA and asked her if there was something wrong with my wrist area . When i showed her my wrist , she gasp in utter shock like she did not know what to do and had never seen any injuries like this before. I was curious why she gasped in that way and took a look at my own wrist , i then got as shocked as her as my wrist bone was jutting our and it was swollen . She touched the swollen part lightly without any force and it was so painful that i cried . The pain was excruciating , it was a type of feeling that i would never want to feel it again . Many of my teammates started crowding around me , getting more worried and concern about my hand , the president of student council was then notified about someone was injured. She then walked over to my team home ground and saw a girl on the floor crying . She got shock knowing that the person was me as i was a strong girl , no matter how pain it was i would try my best to bear with it and not drop a single tear . She was then aware of how much the pain was and knew it was unbearable . The teacher-in-charge was then notified while i was walking to his office with people supporting my wrist and my upper part of my body as did not had the strength. The teacher saw me and the state of my wrist and then told the president and my best friend to be beside me while asking the rest of the students to continue with the game before going back into his staff room to get some materials to make a temporary cast just to protect my wrist from getting hurt further . My best friend was then assigned to be by my side while my teacher drove me to the nearest hospital which was the Changi General Hospital . Honestly , it was my first time going to the Accident and Emergency department i was scared and worried about what will happen to my wrist and how will my parents react. While my teacher was doing all the registration i sat there in state of shock . It was really a blessing having my best friend by my side comforting me and constantly telling me everything will be alright . I was then called to do some X-RAYS before consulting the doctor . My parents finally came and just right it was my turn to consult the doctor , my mother then went in together with me . The doctor was then examining my X-RAYS that i took before consulting him . My heart was beating very very fast as I am a right hander and i need my right hand to do many things. Finally the doctor spoke , he said that there was no obvious or major fractures shown in my X-RAYS but i have to put an temporary cast on my hand. He then referred me to a specialist at KK Children Bone Specialist to ensure there was no hairline fracture or any small minor fractures . I was on cast for one month . My appointment with the specialist then arrived , it was a few days after my holiday trip . I then went to KK Hospital and got my cast removed as the specialist confirmed that there was no hairline fractures or what not it was only an inflamed tendon and the impact of the fall that cause it to swell. I felt so happy after my cast was being removed , but at the same time i was also upset as the physiotherapist said that i have to wear the plastic cast for at least a month and i will not be able to do anything that require strength on my wrist . To me , i was basically handicapped . I thought the that my life could not get any worser but it did . Due to the extreme pain my wrist facing , i was then prescribed with a particular painkiller called ‘Bufen’ . My family then went to my Aunt’s house for a family dinner , once i reached my Aunt’s place , i took my painkiller as i had consume food before the visit to the doctor. The painkiller itself causes drowsiness therefore i needed to take a nap after taking the painkiller . I took a nap for 1 hour and wanted to wake up for dinner but to my horror i was unable to open my eyes , i was then scared out of my wits , jumped off the bed and screamed very loudly . My Aunt , Uncle , Cousins and my parents then came into the room and on the light getting a shock after seeing my eyes . I was then crying and trying to open my eyes at the same time but all i could see was total darkness . I was only able to differentiate who was who when i listen to their voices clearly. I sat on the bed feeling panic and scared , all that was on my mind was ‘ would i go blind and never see this world again? there are still so many things i want to see and admire . i cannot afford to go blind ‘ . My dad then called up the KK Hospital and told them what happened to me , i was then asked to make a trip down to the A&E as soon as possible . My parents then immediately brought me to the A&E at KK Hospital . I was then examined and asked to stay there for a day to make sure my condition is stabilized and that there was no more allergy reaction. The doctor then came to my ward and asked me if i had any drug allergy , i said no. This was an unknown allergy that had only been discovered then . While i was lying down on my ward bed , the nurse gave me a pink liquid medication to help my allergic reaction to subside . The next morning when i woke up , i was finally able to open my eyes and the first thing i saw was my parents siting beside my bed asleep . I then realized how much i did not treasured them and how great they were . The nurse came to check on me , my parents woke up and i was able to be discharged. I was so happy that i finally could open my eyes and see the world and the bright sun . After this accident , i do still play ball games but i never walked backwards again . This accident made me realized how much i was taking my parents for granted and how much i was not contended with my life . I decided to change my point of view of my life and to change my attitude towards my life , making sure that i would not wait till something bad like that happen again to realize how much i have not been treasuring the people around me and the things i have.

Book Review The Study Of Human Nature Philosophy Essay

Book Review The Study Of Human Nature Philosophy Essay In The Study of Human Nature by Leslie Stevenson, Stevenson writes about Confucian philosophy, most notably the Confucian philosophers Mencius and Hsun-tzu. In the several extracts from the Book of Mencius, Mencius to oppose the claim that human nature is neither good nor bad, but instead good. While from the Book of Hsun-tzu, Hsun-tzu states the opposite, that humans are naturally evil. Both books include the writings from these philosophers arguing whether human nature is good or evil. In the Book of Mencius, Mencius provides the arguments that show that human nature is indeed good. In the first few selections, Mencius quotes Kao Tzu and then follows to argue against him that human nature is not good or evil. Kao Tzu states that â€Å"human nature is like a chi willow† (23), where changing a human’s morality is like turning willow into cups and bowls. Mencius responds by saying that in order for willow to turn into cups and bowl it must be altered, and then you must also alter a human to make him good. Mencius is stating that the words of Kao Tzu are considering that morality is a mutilation of human nature. In addition, Kao Tzu states that â€Å"human nature is like whirling water†, it will flow whenever there’s an opening with no preference (23). However Mencius retaliates that it may be true that it has no preference but water will always seek low ground. It is water’s nature to flow downward, and thus there must be a nature for man. Hence, there is no man that is evil, because there is no water that does not flow downward (23). This means it is water’s nature to flow downward, and it is also human nature to be good. However you can manipulate water, whereas by splashing it and forcing the change of nature is like saying that humans can be evil, under forced circumstances (24). Mencius view of human nature can be concluded that all humans are naturally good but sometimes under certain conditions would be bad. Menc ius view is further supported on the rest of the sections. In section 6, Mencius again responds to Kao Tzu about the human nature of people. Kao Tzu uses a real-life example dictating the reign of a â€Å"good† and â€Å"bad† king. Mencius answers that all men are capable of being good. Mencius brings up the role of the four hearts: Heart of compassion to benevolence, heart of shame to dutifulness, heart of respect to observance of the rites, and the heart of right and wrong to wisdom (24). These four hearts are possessed by all men, however if they do not seek the hearts they will lose it. Mencius is saying that all men differ in development, as there are men who are â€Å"five times or countless times better than another man† (24) and that is because â€Å"Seek and you will find it; let go and you will lose it.† With that said, Mencius is saying it is not the fault of one’s nature to become bad, instead people who don’t make use of their h earts and follow it would untimely lose the hearts pertaining to doing good.

Power and Politics in California Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Power and Politics in California - Essay Example The State of California however, had weak party structure with the segments of party which was in the government, the organization of the party and the party which was in the electorate. The ranks of the party were then affected by the instability in the ties between the major party and the number of voters which is growing. In regards to this then, there have been changes and variations in the electoral fortunes for the democrat’s and republican parties. In the year 1994, the republicans almost became the dominating party in the state of California but this was resolved when Bill Clinton carried it and regained control for the democrats. Even after Schwarzenegger was voted in as the governor, the strength of the republicans has not increased nor decreased. This could due to the fact that the attachment of voters to parties in California is not very stabilized. In that case then, party affiliation cannot be used as an assurance in determining the political success. Strengtheni ng of parties has since then deemed better because many argue that politics based on parties are more democratic than those based on interest groups. The objective of political parties is to increase support among citizens but this is not the case for interest groups. The system based on party politics will make voters feel the worth of their votes and this will encourage other potential voters to participate in the voting process in future.

Segmentation in the holiday market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Segmentation in the holiday market - Essay Example The customers may differ in the time, place, level, type and subject of education. The choice for market segmentation breathes several crucial reasons for existence and preference. A segmented market provides a better match of customers’ needs. As we know, customers needs differ, so we believe that a segmented market shall hold the ability to address these differing needs. This results in greater customer satisfaction and resultant increase in sales. The acceptance and application of segmentation can see a significant increase in profits for business. Since every customer can afford a different monetary amount for a commodity, segmentation can help increase the average price. This can add to the profit in business. The better opportunities for growth find their existence in the segmented market. It aids in building sales. It also helps retain more customers or say more variety of customers. A customer’s need may change with the changing time. For example, the customer grows older, forms families, and has children, change jobs, or care for a change in living place. By virtue of marketing products that appeal to customers at different stages of their life (â€Å"life-cycle†), a business can maintain customers who might otherwise change their focus to other existent market products. Segmentation of market also helps in the act of targeting marketing communications. It is essential for the growth of any business that its marketing messages reach the prospective customers. However, in the case of a huge size market, there exists a strong risk of missing the important consumers. The expense of communicating the marketing message to the complete market without provision of segmentation is real high. The benefit of segmentation here is to reach the targeted customers more often and at lowers expense. Carefully designed segmentation helps target the market with precision. It

Innovation in turbulent times Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Innovation in turbulent times - Essay Example Same way it is difficult for a mobile phone manufacturer to sell mobile phones with the phoning option alone because of the entry of advanced mobile phones with advanced features like, audio, video recording, internet surfing options etc. â€Å"Radical innovation is crucial to the growth of firms and economies. Firms at the leading edge of innovation tend to dominate world markets and promote the international competitiveness of their home economies† (Tellis et al). For example, Microsoft has innovated new operating system windows for personal computers around two decades before. They were succeeded in monopolizing the world software market thereafter. Even though the introduction of Windows operating system brought market leadership to Microsoft, they never stayed inactive. Periodically they modified the Windows operating system based on the technological growth and the changing requirements of the customers. The recent global recession has revealed the fact that only innovat ive organizations may have better future in the highly competitive world. Innovation is the bread and butter of organizations. Moreover, the future of many organizations depends on their ability to innovate because of the tough competition in the market. In short, innovation is the much needed entity for the organizations to exist in the current globalized and highly competitive business world. ... The leadership needs to play an active role in the innovation process. Leadership styles and functioning are undergoing drastic changes at present in order to encourage the employees to come out with innovative ideas. It is difficult to anticipate that every worker will contribute innovative ideas; however, the chances of at least few workers providing some innovative ideas are bright for all the organizations. In order to encourage the workers to come out with new ideas, most of the current organizations are giving ample freedom to the workers. Autocratic styles of management have given way for democratic styles of management in order to increase the worker involvement more in the innovation process. However, still some prominent companies are not considering the worker involvement necessary for the innovation process. Apple Company is one best example for that. Apple always develops new products secretly and they are not giving any ideas about the new product they are going to deve lop to their employees. Only the concerned people will know about such things. â€Å"A leader who believes in Trend Spotting and believes in capitalizing on emerging trends and technologies can set the example for staff to create an openness that new ideas and trends are brought forward† (Innovation Perspectives - Leader's Role in Trend Spotting). Trend based innovation is another major thing developed in the business world in the recent past. For example, Apple has recently introduced its touch screen phone (iphone) in the market and it became a huge success. After watching the customer trend towards this type of touch screen phones, Nokia, Sony and Samsung like big companies also immediately introduced their

Psychological effects of children being raised by homosexuals Essay

Psychological effects of children being raised by homosexuals - Essay Example CustodiÐ °l gÐ °y fÐ °thers Ð °re less common. BecÐ °use of their relÐ °tive invisibility, gÐ °y fÐ °thers Ð °nd their children hÐ °ve been less Ð °ccessible for study. Ð lthough it hÐ °s been thought thÐ °t the numbers of gÐ °y fÐ °thers (Ð °nd hence the numbers of their children) were not sufficiently substÐ °ntiÐ °l to wÐ °rrÐ °nt study, it is now known thÐ °t this Ð °ssumption is erroneous. There Ð °re Ð °t leÐ °st 1 to 3 million gÐ °y men who Ð °re nÐ °turÐ °l fÐ °thers. Ð lso, this figure is conservÐ °tive since it does not tÐ °ke into considerÐ °tion gÐ °y men who Ð °dopt children, who Ð °re foster or stepfÐ °thers, or who Ð °chieve fÐ °therhood by other less trÐ °ditionÐ °l meÐ °ns (for exÐ °mple, sperm donÐ °tion). Likewise, it is difficult to estimÐ °te the number of children of gÐ °y fÐ °thers. From the foregoing it is possible for the reÐ °der to hÐ °ve the impression thÐ °t children of gÐ °y fÐ °thers Ð °re concerned in the extreme Ð °bout their fÐ °thers homosexuÐ °lity, Ð °nd thÐ °t they Ð °re excessively embÐ °rrÐ °ssed by it. This is not necessÐ °rily the cÐ °se. Ð lthough sociÐ °l control strÐ °tegies Ð °re used in order to negotiÐ °te Ð ° public personÐ °, in the reseÐ °rch being reported here it wÐ °s Ð °lso discovered thÐ °t there Ð °re influencing fÐ °ctors thÐ °t determine the extent to which the children utilize the strÐ °tegies just described. The influencing fÐ °ctors Ð °re Ð °s importÐ °nt to understÐ °nding the reÐ °ctions of these children Ð °s Ð °re the sociÐ °l control strÐ °tegies. The first influencing fÐ °ctor is mutuÐ °lity. MutuÐ °lity refers to identificÐ °tion by the child with the fÐ °ther. When the child identifies or links him or herself in some wÐ °y with Ð °lso being different, or the child feels thÐ °t he or she vÐ °ries in some wÐ °y from societÐ °l norms in terms of behÐ °vior, lifestyle, vÐ °lues, or beliefs or believes there Ð °re other mutuÐ °l links with the fÐ °ther such Ð °s shÐ °ring similÐ °r tÐ °stes in music or movies, then the more Ð °ccepting the child is of the fÐ °ther Ð °s

Learning in adulthood Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Learning in adulthood - Research Paper Example I was particularly interested in being able to know how learning could be facilitated at my age, considering all the constraints that I face. Thus, in all honesty, I was really looking forward to this course. Below is a summative expression of the things that I have learned in this course. I first provided a brief introduction to the significance of adult learning theories and proceeded to discussing the learning theories that I learned in the course. I then moved on to a discussion of the concept of adult development and the relationship between intelligence and aging. I concluded this paper with the significant realizations that I have gained upon completion of this course. Introduction to Adult Learning Theories Adult learning is one of the areas of modern educational psychology the aim of which is to increase adult’s interest in learning to the maximum level so as to provide the most effective outcomes for the learner. Knowledge acquisition of an adult is quite different f rom that of a young learner. Since adults are concerned with much more things than just acquiring an education, that is, a job and family responsibilities, many challenges tend to be associated with this learning process. Fortunately, there are a number of adult learning theories that can aid in the delivery of adult education and therefore increase the rates of success in this area. The succeeding sections will present a discussion of the special characteristics of adult learning. In particular, it will focus on the challenges faced by adult learning, and the theories that offer insights into the process of adult learning. In addition, certain references will also be provided towards the author’s own experiences in the field of adult learning. The challenges of adult education Adults are preoccupied with more responsibilities than young learners. They have family responsibilities to fulfill and job requirements to accomplish. As such, adult education is mostly done on a part -time basis and is even referred to as part-time learning. Adult education is affected by a number of challenges such as attitudinal barriers, institutional barriers, and situational barriers that make successes in this area quite difficult to come by. Adults tend to face education with negative attitudes that make them lack the confidence to pursue their studies. Oftentimes, this is further aggravated by prior learning experiences which lead them to think that education only reflects a teacher’s needs and not the learner’s importance. When adults take their courses with mostly young people, they tend to feel that they are in the wrong place at a wrong time, and end up feeling isolated and stressed with the experience. Institutional barriers also extend a certain level of challenge for adult learners. Institutional barriers come in the form of difficult schedules and policies set by some schools. For example, some schools insist that learning can only be done when two parties are present. Because adult learners have jobs and family responsibilities to attend to, they tend to be unable to become punctual and present in their classes and are thus given negative marks by their instructors. Even where learning is done online, learners face great difficulties to meet the set targets. Another common challenge to succeeding in adult learning is the presence of situational barriers. These are personal issues that prevent a learner from making up for a class. For instance, one may be financially unstable or unable to afford the expenses of textbooks, tuition, and transport in the midst of requirements for family support. Time management is another factor that makes the process of

Week 9 discussion paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Week 9 discussion paper - Essay Example iations to negotiate with management for worker rights is a time-honored and legal right in the U.S., however in other countries unionism is frowned upon due to its monopolistic wage effects – when unions push up wages, product prices rise and in effect reduce the real incomes of nonunion workers (Pencavel, 1997). From a cultural viewpoint, Asian countries such as Japan expect workers to espouse filial piety and loyalty towards their companies which in return employ them for life. Therefore, the U.S. multinational company which chooses to operate in other countries where unionism is not welcome will be forced to change its human resources policies when operating in these areas; however, this may cause a double standard in HR policies which may give the impression that the company is discriminating among workers based on race. I would expect that different organizations deal differently with such challenges, depending upon the nature of the business (if it allows for a adjustments for diversity) and the culture or country the firm is trying to penetrate or is setting up business in. The organization therefore derives an entry into the culture by conforming to local differences, although from an organization-wide point of view it appears to be applying a double standard. In other aspects, however, particularly in matters where the quality of the product or service is severely affected, the firm may choose to impose the same standards it practices in its own country. For instance, the policy of not employing child labor practices in the home country may be enforced among the firm’s suppliers and subcontractors in other countries who, because it is commonplace in that country, may be employing children in sweat shops (Bellettini, et al., 2005; Anderson, et al., 2010). One problem that is exacerbated and even exploited by business is the graft and corruption prevalent in many developing countries. It is sad to note that while graft and corruption appears to be

The American Revolution Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The American Revolution - Research Paper Example However, in 1783 the Treaty of Paris brought to an end the war with Great Britain getting forced to acknowledge the independence of United State’s 13 colonies. Whereas no particular event gets credit for the actual origin of the revolution, the war started as a disagreement concerning the treatment of the colonies by the Great Britain versus the manner in which the colonies perceived they needed to be treated. Although Americans believed they had permission to all the rights of Englishmen, on the other hand, the British believed that the aim of establishing the colonies was for them to be used in the manner in which that was best suitable to the crown, as well as the parliament. There is an exemplification of this dispute was evident in the rallying whimpers of the American Revolution, along with the motto: No Taxation Without Representation. Based on America’s way of thinking, the distance between the colonies from Great Britain led to independence, which happened to be hard in overcoming. Those eager to colonize the modern world in general had a strong, independent trait desiring modern opportunities, as well as enhanced freedom. Apart from that, the being of colonial legislatures denoted that the colonies were literary independent of the crown since the legislatures had the authority of levying taxes, mustering troops and passing laws. Eventually, these powers turned into rights according to many colonists. As a result, when curtailed by the British, there was the development of conflict; therefore, the United States’ future leaders found into these legislatures. Although the British trusted in mercantilism, Robert Walpole who was the Prime Minister espoused a viewpoint of salutary neglect. Salutary neglect was a system in that the actual imposition of external trade relations was sloppy. His perception w as that this enhanced freedom would end up stimulating commerce. A number of the revolutionary leaders had studied key writings concerning the Enlightenment comprising of those of Thomas Hobbes, the Baron de Montesquieu, John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. As a result, the founders garnered the ideas of the social contract, separation of powers, limited government and consent of the governed.2 For almost a decade, there was mounting between Great Britain, as well as the American Colonies since the British government had bypassed a sequence of laws in trying to elevate their control over the colonies. However, Americans had grown fond of having authority concerning their local government; therefore they objected to these latest laws, while at the same time, protesting getting taxed devoid of their approval. In 1775, Britain’s Parliament affirmed Massachusetts, the core of the majority of the protests, as being rebellious thereby placing the British troops in Boston to undert ake swift action on the rebels; war broke out shortly afterwards. The Colonies were fundamentally unprepared for war since they did not have a central government, while, at the same time, they lacked a controlled army or navy. Representatives from the colonies organized the first Continental Congress undertaking the national government’s duties. Apart from that, Congress was in charge of the war effort thereby voting to coordinate an army, as well as a navy. This led to George Washington, who was not only a wealthy Virginia landowner, but also a former military officer, getting selected as the Continental Army’s chief commander. This led to the Congress embracing the Declaration of Independence whereby the colonies affirmed their liberty from British statute on July 4, 1776. Tension had been elevating between Great

Verification vs Validation Essay Example for Free

Verification vs Validation Essay Verification ensures that the system (software, hardware, documentation, and personnel) complies with an organization’s standards and processes, relying on review of non-executable methods. Validation physically ensures that the system operates according to plan by executing the system functions through a series of tests that can be observed and evaluated. Verification answers the question, â€Å"Did we build the right system?† while validation addresses, â€Å"Did we build the system right?† Verification requires several types of reviews, including requirements reviews, design reviews, code walkthroughs, code inspections, and test reviews. The system user should be involved in these reviews to find defects before they are built into the system. In the case of purchased systems, user input is needed to assure that the supplier makes the appropriate tests to eliminate defects. Validation is accomplished simply by executing a real-life function. This includes unit testing, integration testing, system testing and user acceptance testing. In this rigorous testing is conducted to validate if the system meets the functional requirement. The three most important skills that a system analysis should have are the same for any company. They should first and foremost have people skills. You have to be able to work with a variety of people and be able to work in teams. You should be an assertive person also. A good systems analysis should be able to take initiative and do things without being told. Also this person should have good reasoning and problem solving skills. These are all things that should be within the person naturally along with the actual computer skills necessary to analyze systems for a client. -are ability to work well with others, -good communication skills, -the ability to ask the right questions Bidder Responsibility Determination: To be determined responsible, a bidder must be successfully evaluated against the 7 following criteria: 1. Financial Resources. The bidder must have adequate financial resources to perform the contract, or the ability to obtain them (see FAR 9.104-3(a)—Ability to Obtain Resources). 2. Performance Schedule. The bidder must be able to comply with the performance schedule, required or proposed delivery, taking into consideration all existing commercial and governmental business commitments. 3. Performance Record. The bidder must have have a satisfactory performance history, if any (see FAR 9.104-3(b)—Satisfactory Performance Record and Experience Certificate). Nevertheless, a prospective contractor shall not be determined responsible or non-responsible solely because of a lack of relevant performance history, except when specified in a standard for special acquisitions. 4. Integrity and Ethics. The bidder must have a satisfactory record of integrity and business ethics including satisfactory compliance with laws related to taxes, labor and employment, environment, antitrust, and consumer protection (see FAR 9.406-2—Causes for debarment and FAR 9.407-2—Causes for suspension). 5. Organization and Skills. The bidder must have the necessary organization and skills, experience, accounting and operational controls, and technical skills, or the ability to obtain them (see FAR 9.104-3(a)—Ability to Obtain Resources). 6. Equipment and Facilities. The bidder must have the necessary technical equipment and facilities for production or construction, or ability to obtain them (see FAR 9.104-3(a)—Ability to Obtain Resources); and 7. Other Qualification. The bidder must be otherwise qualified and eligible to receive an award under applicable laws and regulations. Systems Engineering V Model The system life cycle The system life cycle has seven phases: (1) discovering system requirements, (2) investigating alternatives, (3) full-scale engineering design, (4) implementation, (5) integration and test, (6) operation, maintenance and evaluation and (7) retirement, disposal and replacement. However, the system life cycle is different for different industries, products and customers. State the problem The problem statement starts with a description of the top-level function that the system must perform or the deficiency that must be ameliorated. It includes system requirements stated in terms of what must be done, not how to do it. It might be composed in words or as a model. Inputs come from end users, operators, bill payers, owners, regulatory agencies, victims, sponsors, Marketing, Manufacturing, etc. These are called stakeholders. In a modern business environment, the problem statement starts with a reason for change followed by vision and mission statements for the company. Understand customer needs Customers seldom know what they want or need. Systems Engineers must enter the customers environment and find out how the customer will use the system. Talking to your customers customer and your suppliers supplier can be very useful. Frameworks, such as the Zachman framework or the DoDAF, are useful for seeing how the system fits into the customers enterprise. Discover system requirements There are two types of system requirements: mandatory and tradeoff Mandatory requirements insure that the system satisfies the customers operational need, and must be passed or failed, there is no middle ground. The tradeoff requirements are evaluated to determine the preferred designs, and should state conditions that would make the customer happier. Verify and validate requirements Investigate alternatives Alternative designs are evaluated based on performance, cost, schedule and risk criteria. This analysis should be redone whenever more data are available. Define quantitative measures Performance and cost criteria show how well the system satisfies its requirements, e.g., In this test the car accelerated from 0 to 60 in 6.5 seconds. Technical performance measures (TPMs) are made during the design and manufacturing process to evaluate the likelihood of satisfying the system requirements. Model the system Models will be developed for most alternative designs. Many types of system models are used, such as block diagrams, functional flow diagrams, object-oriented models, computer simulations. Design the system The overall system must be partitioned into subsystems, subsystems must be partitioned into assemblies, etc. Reusability should be considered in creating subsystems. For new designs, subsystems should be created so that they can be reused in future products. For redesign, subsystems should be created to maximize the use of existing, particularly commercially available, products. Systems engineers must also decide whether to make or buy the subsystems, first trying to use commercially available subsystems. If nothing satisfies all the requirements, then modification of an existing subsystem should be considered. If this proves unsatisfactory, then some subsystems will have to be designed in-house. Flexibility is more important than optimality. Hardware, software and bioware must be considered. Bioware (or wetware) means humans and other biological organisms that are a part of the system. For example, in designing a race track the horses or dogs are a part of the bioware. Create sequence diagrams Define system architecture Some choices that have to be made: (1) object-oriented design, structured analysis, or functional decomposition, (2) distributed or centralized computing, (3) commercial off the shelf (CoTS) or custom designed. Functional analysis Systems engineers do functional analysis on new systems (1) to map functions to physical components, thereby ensuring that each function has an acknowledged owner, (2) to map functions to system requirements, and (3) to ensure that all necessary tasks are listed and that no unnecessary tasks are requested. This list becomes the basis for the work breakdown structure. A work breakdown structure (WBS) breaks a project into smaller, more manageable components. Sensitivity analyses Sensitivity analyses can be used to point out the requirements and parameters that have the biggest effects on cost, schedule and performance. They are used to help allocate resources. Assess and manage risk There are two types of risk: risk of project failure (due to cost overruns, time overruns or failure to meet performance specifications) and risk of harm (usually called personnel safety). A failure modes and effects analysis and risk mitigation must be performed. Project risk can be reduced by supervising quality and timely delivery of purchased items. Reliability analysis Major failure modes must be analyzed for probability of occurrence and severity of occurrence. Integrate system components Integration means bringing things together so they work as a whole. System integration means bringing subsystems together to produce the desired result and ensure that the subsystems will interact to satisfy the customers needs. End users and engineers need to be taught to use the system with courses, manuals and training on the prototypes. Design and manage interfaces Interfaces between subsystems and interfaces between the main system and the external world must be designed. Well-designed subsystems send finished products to other subsystems. When designing subsystems and their interfaces be sure to consider reuse. Launch the system Launching the system means doing what the system was intended to do, e.g. running the system and producing outputs. Configuration management Configuration management (also called modification management) ensures that any changes in requirements, design or implementation are controlled, carefully identified, and accurately recorded. All stakeholders should have an opportunity to comment on proposed changes. Decisions to adopt a change must be captured in a baseline database. Baselines can only be changed at specified points in the life cycle. The phrase requirements tracking is now being used for an important subset of configuration management. Project management Project management is the planning, organizing, directing, and controlling of company resources to meet specific goals and objectives within time, within cost and at the desired performance level. Project management creates the work breakdown structure, which provides structure for guiding team assignments and cost and tracking control. Documentation All of these Systems Engineering activities must be documented in a common repository, often called the Engineering Notebook. The stored information should be location, platform, and display independent: which means any person on any computer using any tool should be able to operate on the fundamental data. Assumptions, results of tradeoff studies and the reasons for making critical decisions should be recorded. These documents should be alive and growing. For example, at the end of the system life cycle there should be an accurate model of the existing system to help with retirement. Lead teams Complex systems cannot be designed by one person. Consequently engineers work on Integrated Product Development Teams (IPDTs). These teams are interdisciplinary with members from Business, Engineering, Manufacturing, Testing, etc. IPDTs are often led by Systems Engineers. Assess Performance During the operation and maintenance phase of the system life cycle the performance of the system must be measured. Initially these measurements will be used to verify that the system is in compliance with its requirements. Later they will be used to detect deterioration and initiate maintenance. Prescribe tests Early in the system life cycle Systems Engineering should describe the tests that will be used to prove compliance of the final system with its requirements. However, most testing should be performed by built-in self-test equipment. These self-tests should be used for initial testing, post-installation testing, power-up diagnostics, field service and depot repair. The recipient of each test result and the action to be taken if the system passes or fails each test must be stated. Conduct reviews Systems Engineering should ensure that the appropriate reviews are conducted and documented. The following set is common: Mission Concept Review, System Requirements Review (SRR), System Definition Review, Preliminary Design Review (PDR), Critical Design Review (CDR), Production Readiness Review (PRR), and System Test. Full-scale engineering design begins after the Preliminary Design Review. Manufacturing begins after the Critical Design Review. Total system test The system that is finally built must be tested to see (1) that it satisfies the mandatory requirements, and (2) how well it satisfies the tradeoff requirements. Re-evaluation Re-evaluation is arguably the most important task of Systems Engineering. For centuries engineers have used feedback to control systems and improve performance. It is one of the most fundamental engineering tools. Re-evaluation means observing outputs and using this information to modify the system inputs, the product or the process. Re-evaluation should be a continual process with many parallel loops. Everyone should continually re-evaluate the system looking for ways to improve quality. Tools used in this process include basic systems engineering, and the quality engineering techniques presented by, for example, Deming and Taguchi. Deming (1982); Bicknell and Bicknell (1994); Latzko and Saunders (1995). Near the end of the project, engineers should write a Lessons Learned document. These lessons learned should not be edited by management, because management could trivialize what they do not understand or omit management mistakes. Categories of Systems Engineers Many companies divide their Systems Engineers into three categories according to their major workflows: requirements definition, architectural design and testing and verification. Creating Systems Engineers The traditional method of creating Systems Engineers was to select well-organized engineers with lots of common sense and let them acquire 30 years of diverse engineering experience. But recently these traditional Systems Engineers have written books and standards that explain what they do and how they do it. So now that the tools, concepts and procedures have been formalized, in four years of undergraduate education we can teach Systems Engineers who will have performance levels 50% that of traditional Senior Systems Engineers. Ten years of systems engineering experience will improve performance to 80% and another ten years will increase it to 100%.

Romeo and Juliet Essay Example for Free

Romeo and Juliet Essay The Globe Theatre is a big circular theatre based on the South bank of the Thames in London. Shakespeare held his newest plays there before he publicly showed them anywhere else. The positions of where people sat varied from, the richer people sitting high up in the stands, and the poorer people who had to stand in the middle. The Globe Theatre was very basic, costumes and properties were kept backstage in the tiring house. The actors were well dressed and there were 3 roofed galleries. All performances took place in the afternoon. The stage itself had a trap door to get on and off, it was also a very high stage. In this essay I will be exploring how Shakespeare uses devices for dramatic affect. In Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare refers to where people and other objects are positioned on the stage. An example of this is; Romeo: but soft what light from yonder window breaks? It is the east and Juliet is the sun. This phrase implies that Shakespeare is asking the audience to imagine its dark and its night time and all they can see is a bright light appearing from above. This bright light suggests that she is life giving and beautiful, all eyes are drawn up to her in the theatre. Shakespeare uses positional language, such as, Romeo: Thou art as glorious to this night being over his head. This suggests that Juliet is on a balcony high above the stage and Romeo is below her. Also reinforces dark night-time reference with Juliet as shining sun. Shakespeare uses many metaphors in the play as it lets the characters show how they feel about each other. For example, Romeo: Juliet is the sun. He says this as the sun brings happiness and joy to everyone. He is also acknowledging that Juliet and her family are wealthier and have higher social standing than Romeos. He continues to use them later in Act 2 Scene 2. An example of this is, Romeo: O, speak again bright angel. This is because Romeo loves listening to the sound of her voice, he does not want her to stop speaking as he is totally focused on her. In Act 2 Scene 2 of Romeo and Juliet Shakespeare uses words with powerful connotations, as Romeo says, Deny thy father and refuse thy name, or if thou will not, be but sworn my love, and Ill no longer be a Capulet. This suggests that their families may not agree that theyre in love and that even if their families may not get on with each other, they are truly in love. Romeo realises the consequences of his love for Juliet as he chooses forceful words such as deny and refuse. Shakespeare also uses visual imagery, such as, Romeo: two of the fairest stars in all of heaven do entreat her eyes to twinkle in their spheres till they return. This quotation shows that Romeo is comparing Juliets eyes to the stars and is saying how her eyes are beautiful. Having the Globe theatre as the stage would draw the attention of the audience towards the twinkling sky. He continues to use visual imagery, for example, Romeo: As that vast shore washed with the farthest sea. This creates the impression that their love is huge, further than the eye can see. Shakespeare uses personification to show the love that Romeo and Juliet have, an example of this is, By love that first led me to enquire lent him eyes. This shows that love is personified, as Cupid the Roman God of Love. Romeo admits his love to Juliet from the first moment their eyes met. Also, Romeo says With loves light wings did I oerpearch these walls, for stony limits cannot hold love out, and what love can do, that dares love attempt. He uses soft words and alliteration loves light. This phrase implies love gave him strength and that he is willing to do anything for her. In addition he says love enabled him to get to her not only by physical strength but with emotional strength. Finally, Shakespeare uses tragic irony, for instance, Romeo says, Hence forth I never will be Romeo. The audience know he is going to die but he doesnt. He is giving out clues to the audience that he will soon die. He is saying he will not be the ladies man anymore and feels Juliet is the only one for him. He continues to use this as Romeo says, Arise, fair sun, and kill the envious moon who is already sick and pale with grief. He is saying that the sun is Juliet and the envious moon is her family. This shows a positive with a negative, and shows love then shows what will happen later, death. To conclude, Shakespeare used many different ways to show how Romeo and Juliet felt about each other; he not only used the written word but also used the Globe Theatre as a dimension, especially with the balcony scene. I believe that it would have been very entertaining to have watched one of Shakespeares plays in The Globe Theatre as the actors would have performed right in front of you and around you, you would have felt totally included.

Lutzs Cognitive Learning Process

Lutzs Cognitive Learning Process The WALTHAM Centre for Pet Care and Nutrition leads the research pack. They are proud to say that name after the Leicestershire town where Pedigree UK has its headquarters. It is the worlds leading authority on pet care and nutrition. Those of the researches into dogs nutritional requirements are sponsored by WALTHAM . This could lead to academics and pet experts. The experts in Pedigree product development and nutrition work closely with the scientists and researchers at the WALTHAM Centre for Pet Nutrition. Pedigree food for dogs is works with WALTHAM to develop and produce recipes with exceptional nutritional value. Pedigree is a nonprofit organization. It is dedicated to helping dogs find loving homes. Pedigree brand believes that every dog deserves a loving home. They also believe that every dog deserves leading nutrition. It is identified through the review on research studies on the requirements of dogs of different breeds, size and life stages. Based on the researches from WALTHAM Centre for Pet Centre for Pet Nutrition, it identified the four universal needs for dogs which are skin and coat, oral care, digestion and immunity. Besides that, there are many types of products are included in the dry product line which includes eight different product options. The products are PEDIGREE Adult Complete Nutrition, PEDIGREE PUPPY Complete Nutrition, PEDIGREE SMALL BREED Nutrition, PEDIGREE LARGE BREED Nutrition, PEDIGREE Health Longevity, PEDIGREE Healthy Weight, PEDIGREE Healthy Joints and PEDIGREE Wholesome Nutrition with Chicken, Rice Vegetables. Objective The effective communication between producers and consumers is one of the real main objectives of advertising. First of all, creation of demand is one of the objectives for Pedigree advertisement. In order to induce new customers and maintain their old customers to purchase Pedigree product, advertisement of Pedigree inform them its qualities and create a favorable climate for maintaining of improving sales. This will also increases the market receptiveness of the Pedigrees products. Furthermore, Pedigree advertisement that played in the television such as 8TV, ASTRO and etc channels is to remind the public. This is a continuous process of persuading the perspective customers with results in purchase of good. It is also can reminds the public about the existence of the Pedigree products in the market. The Pedigree advertisement shown the advantages for consumer purchase Pedigree products for their dogs. Besides that, short and simple information about Pedigree products is shown in the advertisement. This information is given to prospective buyers in respect of particular product or service through the advertisement. In this competitive market, Pedigree advertisements can help to build up Pedigree brand image and brand loyalty. This is where they can differentiate with the competitors. Pedigree aired this advertisement on television is to deliver the five signs of good health of Pedigree products to the audience of television. Each of every signs of good health is being point out in the advertisement. Product Features Pedigree product features are well explained in the advertisement. The name of the advertisement is called Pedigree 5 signs of good health TVC. The dog that Pedigree used to advertise in the commercial is called olive. It is look like a healthy dog breed. From the Pedigree advertisement can see that Olive become a healthy dog after six weeks of consumed Pedigree products. This Pedigree advertisement shown that dog deserves a healthy change like Olive. There are four universal needs of dogs which are skin and coat, oral care, digestion and immunity. This is one of the Pedigree product features is to let people know and attract dog owner to purchase Pedigree products that can change their dogs health. The Pedigree first sign of good health is stronger teeth. Olive has a clean gums and teeth after consuming Pedigree for six weeks. The number one health issue for pet dogs today is gum disease. Stronger muscle is the second sign of good health. In the advertisement, this can see that Olive run better with the protein provided in the Pedigree product. Furthermore, after feeding Olive with Pedigree products for six weeks, it produces quality of firm stool which can be seen in the advertisement. This is known that Olive has a good dietary system which contains of fiber. Olive has a healthy skin and smooth coat after consuming Pedigree. It is shown in the advertisement where the little girl can lay on Olive as her pillow. The fifth sign of Pedigree good health is cheerful and active. From the advertisement can see that Olive enjoys and have a great time playing with the little girl. The scene is at the playground with little girl holding a ball in her hand. Besides from the Pedigree five signs of good health, it also encourage people participate the campaign with shown register from 1 May 15 July 2012 and sign up on the Pedigree Malaysia Facebook in the advertisement. Appeal and Proposition The advertising appeals that used by Pedigree for their advertisement is feature appeal. This appeal is categorized as one of the information or rational appeals. Pedigree advertisement mainly showed the benefits of feeding dogs with Pedigree products and how good the product is. This advertisement tends to show the five most basic advantages for dogs after consuming Pedigree for 6 weeks. Pedigree can gained more customers confident by releasing this advertisement on television. It is quite an informative advertisement after viewing it compare to others. Pedigree advertisement also might persuade a dog owner to change his or her brands of food for their dog. Unique The unique of Pedigree advertisement is make a change for dogs health life. Dog owner always need to find a right food for their dogs in term of type, life stage, size and specific need. There are also sub category that under all this terms. Pedigree brand dry dog food has been improved based on the four most basic and important needs for dogs such as digestibility, skin and coat, oral care and immunity. Pedigree develops recipes with exceptional nutritional value based on the WALTHAM research as the basis for its recent dog food reformulation. Besides that, with the leading nutrition in the Pedigree products help dogs have a healthy digestion. This is shown in the advertisement that Olive has a firm stools after feeding with Pedigree Products for six weeks later. In the overall health and well-being of the dog, diet digestibility plays a large role in it. Dog need a proper digestion of the diet to live a healthy and enriched its life. This also impacts the quality and amount of stool that is produced by the dog. Dogs most metabolically active organ is their skin and coat. It is because it serves as an outward sign of the overall health status of the dog. In the advertisement, we can see that Olive skin change to a very smooth fur after six weeks later. The skin and coat play a much larger role in canine health. This is because it requires many nutrients and heavily participates in the dogs metabolism. Pedigree products that shown in the advertisement make the dog owner feel like switching their dogs food to pedigree brand. This can be proved in the advertisement that Olive becomes active dog after feeding with Pedigree products. There are interactive guides for the process or changing by just following the simple steps. Dog owner cannot change a dogs diet too quickly because this could make the dogs tummy unhappy and can cause the dog suffer from stomachache and diarrhea. This is also a reason why it might take a week for the transition period. Furthermore, Pedigree advertisement is different from competitors. It is because seldom can see food for dog advertisement in television except Pedigree. Pedigree advertisement showed in ASTRO channels for two different language versions based on the channels itself which are Chinese and English. In this Pedigree advertisement showed all the special of the brand and how the dog change after six weeks if it consume Pedigree products. Pedigree advertisement seems to be unique in a way that seldom television audiences get to watch Pedigree competitors commercial in any of the channels. This brings a great advantage to Pedigree after they showed their advertisement in television. Pedigree have a great product image of food for dog in the audience mindset because the frequent brand they heard and watched before, the more likely they will purchase for their dog as well. Benefits One of the benefits of Pedigree advertisement is that dogs become healthier and stronger after feeding with Pedigree products. In the Pedigree advertisement, we can see that Olive turn to have a stronger muscle and bigger in size after six weeks. This can convince the dog owner to purchase Pedigree after they watched the advertisement. In addition, with the 5 changes on Olive that we can see from the Pedigree advertisement can conclude that it is a good transform on dog after six weeks of feeding. In this transformation period and at the end can provide dog owner better lifestyle on their dog. Dog owner no need to have extra take care of their dog after the six weeks. From the Pedigree advertisement, we can see that Pedigree product can help the dog owner save cost. This is because they just need to purchase specialized Pedigree product for their dogs based on their dogs need rather than few products combining. There is a disadvantage of mixing the food for dogs can cause their dietary problem and at the time Pedigree can help the dog owner save money for sending the dogs to vet. Moreover, in the end of the advertisement shown sign up now on the Pedigree Malaysia Facebook, this is because Pedigree is giving 100 deserving dogs six weeks worth of Pedigree products for them to attain the Pedigree 5 signs of good health. There is time limitation for this contest which is in between 1 May to 15 July 2012. In a shorter time of six weeks, a dog can transform itself to a healthy body and lifestyle. This is one of the benefits of Pedigree products that shown in the advertisement. The shorter time it took can be an advantage of winning from the competitors. Potency The potency for Pedigree Advertisement is that it is a product that every dog owner need for their dogs. It is effective enough of this advertisement where it can influence the dog owner switch their food for dog brands after watching it. This also can remind the dog owner that they can change their dog health care after six weeks consuming Pedigree products. With the 5 signs of good health shown in the advertisement, it is attractive to describe how good the product is. By watching the Pedigree advertisement, it might attract the audience to change the brands of food for dog to Pedigree. Lutzs Cognitive Learning Process There are four steps in the Lutzs cognitive leaning process. The first phase of the process is ad exposure. The Pedigree advertisement is being exposed through the television channels such as 8TV, ASTRO and etc channels. This advertisement usually played on the peak hour time. It is means that during night time around 8pm to 11pm this hours in between. This is also the time most audience is on for their television time. In the cognitive responses phase, Pedigree advertisement is based on the product or message thoughts. It is because from the advertisement we can see that Pedigree trying to deliver informative message to the audience about the five signs of good health after feeding dogs with Pedigree products. The message is been deliver in a success way which include of a sample success dog called olive and a little girl. Next, it is the attitudes phase. This is mean what kind of attitudes that dog owner who watched the Pedigree advertisement going to possess. It is either they continue with the brand they feeding their dog now or change to Pedigree by purchasing it. Pedigree also can influence the new dog owner to try on their products with the advertisement. Lastly, the purchase intent phase is that dog owner will purchase the product if they think that Pedigree might suitable for their dog after watching the advertisement shown in the television and some information research done in internet. They will walk into any outlets of selling Pedigree products for product checking that suitable for their dog and make a purchase on it. Target Audience / Segmentation There are two different language version of Pedigree advertisement which is English and Chinese. The English version of Pedigree advertisement is being aired on television in 8TV channel. It is showed around 8pm to 11pm from April 2012. This Pedigree advertisement is being played on this time is because most of audience will on their television watching news and drama at this hour after their dinner. Pedigree decided to advertise in 8TV channel is because most of the 8TV audience is Chinese and Pedigree is a food for dog where only Chinese and Indian who will adopt a dog in their house or garden. The target audience of this Pedigree advertisement is primarily focus on those Chinese dog owner or dog lover. It is because most of the dog owner is Chinese or Indian. Malay is not allowed to adopt dog as their pet and they hate dog as well. At this hour advertisement played on the television channel, most of the dog owner or audiences will have their relaxing time after a busy day. The secondary target audience of Pedigree advertisement is that audience who wish to have a dog. By watching this advertisement, they will know which brand of food going to buy for their dog in future. This can build a good brand image of Pedigree in the future customer mindset. Pedigree advertisement targeted on this two group of audiences, it is because they are more likely to have interest on Pedigree advertisement and probably will have a deeper research on the information and decide to purchase Pedigree brands of product or other. Pedigree can segment their market based on demographic segmentation. It can be segment based on the race. There are three races in our country which are Chinese, Malay and Indian. From the Pedigree advertisement, we can see that the Chinese little girl does not afraid of the dog Olive and playing around with it. This is because Pedigree brands is selling food for dog and most of Chinese like to adopt dog as their pet in the house. Some of Chinese even treat dog like their children. This is the segment that Pedigree is targeted. Besides that, Pedigree also can segment based on the group of age. There are few categories group of age such as young kids and teens, adults and senior citizen. In the advertisement, Pedigree used a little girl in it maybe because they want deliver that even a little girl is not afraid of dogs. Pedigree can target on the adults because in the busy city life, most of dog owner like to adopt a dog as their partner in the house. Moreover, Pedigree can segment based on psychographic segmentation that focus on the lifestyle. From the advertisement, we can see that the little girl playing around with Olive in a big garden where Olive chasing the little girl with a ball on her ball. This can showed that at some stage lifestyle of people who can afford to adopt a medium size dog like Olive. Those dog owners mostly are stay at land house where there have place for their dog in the garden or car park area. Behavioral segmentation can be segment for this Pedigree advertisement. Dog owner who want a change on their dogs health will put more attention on Pedigree products. From the Pedigree advertisement, it can see that the heath changes on Olive after six weeks of feeding it with Pedigree products. Audience also can participate with the contest on Pedigree five signs of good health for their dogs. This can help them discover the benefits and advantages of having Pedigree products for their dog. Inferences Pedigree is really a good food for dog with the leading nutrition and recipes that based on the research from The WALTHAM Centre for Pet Nutrition. From the advertisement, we can see that Pedigree use a little girl as the ambassador in the commercial. Olive is the dog that Pedigree used it as the main role in the advertisement. This Pedigree advertisement is a twenty second commercial that aired on television. Pedigree product is being showed together with Olive consuming the dry food in the pots at the first second of the television commercial. At the first scene of this advertisement, little girl said thanks to Pedigree because it change Olives health. The Pedigree five signs of good health had change Olive in six week. From the Pedigree advertisement, found that the little girl is happy for the Olive changes by hugging it. There are five main inferences that get from this Pedigree advertisement. First of all, it is the stronger teeth of Olive. In the advertisement, we can see that the little girl pull up Olives mouth to show its teeth and tongue for the title of it. This can be proved that Pedigree can change dogs teeth after consuming its product after six weeks. Oral care for a dog is very important because they have different needs on the tooth development. Dog need to have a good oral hygiene program to maintain their good oral health with few components which include daily tooth brushing, routine dental exams and cleanings, as well as specially designed foods and chews. Olive have this oral health concern from the owner makes it healthier teeth after six weeks. The second inference that gets from Pedigree advertisement is that stronger muscle. In the advertisement, we can see that Olive can run very fast in the garden. The immune system of Olive is very important for dogs help to keep it healthy. Although it is an incredibly complex system with the comprised of several types of cells that works together to fight off. Dogs must supplement their diet with appropriate of antioxidant levels that is include in the Pedigree products to strengthened the dogs natural defenses. With the television commercial of Pedigree, it delivered that dogs can have a better immune system like Olive with the nutrition that provided in the packets of Pedigree products after feeding the dogs with that. Furthermore, the firm stools of a dog are very important. From the advertisement, we can see that the little girl is look surprised on the stools that process out by Olive. It is because Pedigree has changes Olive health after six weeks of consuming. The stools that shown in the advertisement are being censored replace by animation for the good sake of the audiences. The proper digestion system of a dog only can process out a firm stools. Pedigree products with the four most basic and important needs in it can help the changes in every dogs. The improved nutrient digestibility leads to an increase in the amount of nutrients available for use by the dog. The firm stools of Olive that shown in the advertisement is a sign that the dog is properly digesting and absorbing nutrients that including water from the gastrointestinal tract. Next, it is the healthy skin and coat. In the Pedigree advertisement, we can see that little girl is lying on Olives body and showing the skin and coat of it. Little girl touch Olives skin by delivering the message of dogs skin and coat will become very smooth like Olive after feeding them with Pedigree products. The change of health status of every dog can be observed first in the skin and coat. Skin and coat of the dogs provide some of function such as protection, immunity, thermoregulation, hydration and nutrient storage. The nutrients in the Pedigree products can increase the skin and coat health of dogs and at the mean time maintaining barrier function, participating in healthy cell turnover and producing a shinier coat. This can be observed through the Pedigree advertisement of the Olives skin and coat. It is shiny and warm of coat. The fifth sign of good health of dog is become cheerful and active after feeding with Pedigree products. From the advertisement, we can see Olive is happy and healthy now. The changes make on Olive also happen at the same time to the dog owner. Little girl can enjoy playing with active Olive where she has a partner to play with when she is bored. The four important basic needs in the Pedigree products have make dogs big difference in their lifestyle. Other than that, Pedigree advertisement also gives inference to audience that there is contest running by Pedigree. Pedigree released few examples of successful transform after six weeks to healthy dog pictures with their name on the bottom of the picture. The date of the registration for the contest named 5 signs of good health is shown in the advertisement to remind the audience when it is start and end. Pedigree Malaysia Facebook is where the audience supposed to register for their dogs. This also encourage audience to purchase Pedigree products for their dog for as an experience of changes. The music background that played in the whole twenty second of the advertisement is the theme song of Pedigree. Lastly, Pedigree brand logo is shown throughout the whole 20 second of advertisement.

The Virgin Birth of Jesus Essays -- essays research papers

The Virgin Birth of Jesus Old Testament Fulfilled Prophecies The Virgin birth of Christ is an actual Historical fact. God came (in the sinless form of Jesus) into the earth "HE" created. No other event in the past has had so much impact out side of Calvary where Christ paid the price for our transgressions. Seven hundred years earlier, this was prophesied by the prophet Isaiah and it came about just as predicated in (Matthew 1:22, 23) In Isaiah 7:14, we take notice what the prophet Isaiah said about this male child or "Son". He prophesied that Jesus Christ would be born of a "Virgin." The word says "Therefore the Lord Himself shall give you a sign: Behold, a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and call his name Immanuel. The prophet Isaiah prophesied that this male child WOULD BE INCARNATE. (Isaiah 9:6) "For unto us a child is born unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counselor, THE MIGHTY GOD, THE EVERLASTING FATHER, the prince of peace. THE GOSPEL INTRODUCTION OF JESUS I read about Jesus in the four gospels of the New Testament. In their narratives of his birth, Matthew and Luke call him the virgin-born Savior, the Lord Christ Jesus, the Holy One, the So of the Most High, the Son of God, and Immanuel, which means "God with us." Mark does not give us an account of Christ's birth, but he dows introduce him as Jesus Christ, the son of God. John, like...

Essay --

The growth of agriculture and railroads in Texas and in the United States helped form our economy today. Railroads today pass through a lot of Texas, and even in big cities like Houston or Dallas. Since there are so many farms and open farmland (especially in south and west Texas), railroads can carry the produce and livestock to their destination. James Watt invented the first steam engine in about 1769, and from then on, railroads were a must for transportation, since cars had yet to be invented. Railroads began to be built before the Civil War. It originally took about 6 months to get from the west of the US to the east, but now it only took 7 days. With railroads expanding all across the country, agriculture was affected in a mostly positive way. Now, crops and other goods could be transported by train anywhere in the US, and fast. When Stephen F. Austin brought the â€Å"Old 300† to Texas, they got about 4,338 acres for grazing, and 177 acres for farmland and labor. This is where the first slave-based cotton plantation came into being. The Texas’ farms were starting to be a commercial business. Small family farms were becoming more frequent, and the livestock business became popular, all between 1836 and the Civil War in 1861. Cotton production generated most of the state’s agriculture production and sales. 58,000 bales were produced in 1850, but in 1860, there were 431,000! The number of slaves grew to more than triple as well, from about 58,200 to about 182,500. The whole population of Texas tripled too. It was kind of like a ‘Texas Cotton Rush’! There were many immigrants who settled in Texas. Some of those towns are still here today, such as New Braunfels, Brenham, and Boerne. Those are German towns. Also, immigrants from... ... could easily and (more importantly) quickly move from farms to cities to be sold. Even livestock could be carried by freight to reach markets across the country. The expansion of agriculture and railroads helped form Texas’s present economy. The invention of the steam engine not only allowed people to move across the country in 7 days, instead of 6 months, but it also allowed crops and livestock to be carried to markets and places where they would be sold anywhere in the country. They could be moved to another farm in Texas as well. Since it’s such a large state, railroads were a necessity for travel, and general transportation. The railroad-building boom lasted 40 years. The production of cotton in Texas introduced some of the first slave-based cotton farms, and was the dominant crop for a very long time. After this event, Texas’s economy was forever changed.

Business Advertising Affect on Society Essay -- essays research papers

Business and society Today, big companies and corporations are trying to make us buy their products by using more and more advertising techniques. TV commercials, posters on the walls, newspaper ads and a variety of different flyers are just some examples of the massive propaganda used by businesses. Some critics say that the number of this adds is so extensive that, they can change our views of life. After everyone have seen the same actor chewing the same gum while sitting in the club with three hot girls, over and aver again, people might really start thinking that chewing that gum will make them more attractive. This is the way that the creators of that ad will want us to think. The ads are not just promoting the products, but also a lifestyle. To live that life style, you need to get the products. This sounds like an evil plan, used by the commercial world. But is the public really so simple minded to just follow everything they see and hear? It is a fact that the life presented on the TV as well as in the number of magazines, is much different from the life of an average person. Majority of as are not like that and never will be. Society is getting more diverse. People are listening to so many different kings music that others never heard of. As the models on the fashion magazine covers are getting thinner and thinner, the majority of Americans are actually gaining weight. Businesses are still following the will of the consumers, even though they became so big and powerful. Most of the people want to become in a way better then who they are right now. No one can really change their personality or completely become a different person in one day. But there are things that we want to make different about ourselves. Thi... ...ace, will get so depressed when he is going to see his favorite NBA player wearing the Adidas shoes that he does not have. This is the society, not the business might make us uncomfortable with who we are. An advertisement is the way businesses fight each other on the market, truing to get better then the others. And in the society, people want to show that they are better then others, often by changing themselves. The businesses will not change who we are, but the society can. Very often, the society dictates us what to wear and what music should we to listen to. We would always choose what store to go to. But we can not the society we were born into. Some people might blame media and big business for making them unhappy with themselves. But if they were really happy and confident in the first place, they would not even think of changing themselves, that much. Business Advertising Affect on Society Essay -- essays research papers Business and society Today, big companies and corporations are trying to make us buy their products by using more and more advertising techniques. TV commercials, posters on the walls, newspaper ads and a variety of different flyers are just some examples of the massive propaganda used by businesses. Some critics say that the number of this adds is so extensive that, they can change our views of life. After everyone have seen the same actor chewing the same gum while sitting in the club with three hot girls, over and aver again, people might really start thinking that chewing that gum will make them more attractive. This is the way that the creators of that ad will want us to think. The ads are not just promoting the products, but also a lifestyle. To live that life style, you need to get the products. This sounds like an evil plan, used by the commercial world. But is the public really so simple minded to just follow everything they see and hear? It is a fact that the life presented on the TV as well as in the number of magazines, is much different from the life of an average person. Majority of as are not like that and never will be. Society is getting more diverse. People are listening to so many different kings music that others never heard of. As the models on the fashion magazine covers are getting thinner and thinner, the majority of Americans are actually gaining weight. Businesses are still following the will of the consumers, even though they became so big and powerful. Most of the people want to become in a way better then who they are right now. No one can really change their personality or completely become a different person in one day. But there are things that we want to make different about ourselves. Thi... ...ace, will get so depressed when he is going to see his favorite NBA player wearing the Adidas shoes that he does not have. This is the society, not the business might make us uncomfortable with who we are. An advertisement is the way businesses fight each other on the market, truing to get better then the others. And in the society, people want to show that they are better then others, often by changing themselves. The businesses will not change who we are, but the society can. Very often, the society dictates us what to wear and what music should we to listen to. We would always choose what store to go to. But we can not the society we were born into. Some people might blame media and big business for making them unhappy with themselves. But if they were really happy and confident in the first place, they would not even think of changing themselves, that much.

Aids Treatments

Aids is one of the most threatening disease which is effecting the lives of many people around the globe, plus the most astonishing fact is that it is effecting people and spreading at an exponential rate and as public awareness programs focus on it The most disturbing fact is that as the number of cases double a cures not in sight nor a vaccine has been developed and Aids is still an incurable condition.The human immunodeficiency virus has a direct and a lethal on life, at its very core, the transmission occurs principally via blood, semen and â€Å"vaginal fluid other bodily fluids, like the saliva, contain far too low a concentration of the virus to be dangerous Both blood and semen signify life and potential life in a concrete way.† (Paskin, 1994)AIDS is the most severe stage, of the infection with what we know as the AIDS virus. AIDS is also generally accepted as a syndrome, a collection of specific, life-threatening and dangerous signs that is due to an underlying immune deficiency, a deficiency not caused by any known conditions and illnesses other than infection with the AIDS virus.It destroys the body's capacity to ward off bacteria and viruses that would ordinarily be fought off by a properly functioning immune system, and it is the diseases, the opportunistic infections, caused by these outside agents that eventually kill the victim; or, death results from a form of cancer, Kaposi's sarcoma, that is far more aggressive in AIDS patients than among those who do not suffer from AIDS.Thus, one can say that AIDS killed the person, since the addition of the ‘S’ defines a syndrome: the collection of diseases and symptoms that resulted from the weakened immune system.Putting it another way, one can say that the â€Å"AIDS virus itself does not kill, nor does it generally cause the various diseases associated with the syndrome; most of the disastrous events are simply the result of the damage to the immune system.† (Elli, 1992)The t reatment of HIV-related immunological and neurological disease involves the control of HIV replication by specific anti-viral drugs, boosting the host's own immune response to HIV, dampening down any potentially harmful results of the immune response, and reconstituting the defective cell-mediated immunity.Thus, a broad range of approaches are being tried. This in some way reflects the uncertainty regarding the pathogenesis of this infection. The management of the specific opportunist infections and tumors that arise because of the immunodeficiency are covered in Chapter 4.Here, we will focus on the treatment of the underlying HIV infection. The ultimate goal for the HIV-infected person would be the eradication of HIV infection. However, this is unlikely to be achieved as the virus integrates into the host chromosome, and therefore all infected cells would have to be removed.This may be possible in renewable tissue, such as lymphoid cells, but not within the nervous system, where ce lls cannot be replaced. However, if the virus could be suppressed to the level where it is not damaging the host or continuing to infect new cells, then the disease process may be halted.The virus can potentially be inhibited in three ways: (1) by preventing binding or fusion to the target cell; (2) by inhibiting replication and release; and (3) by inducing non-infective particlesDespite many public health efforts and programs for the awareness of the disease around the globe it is still seen that in many underdeveloped countries Aids awareness programs do not work and people are still indulging into acts like prostitution and unsafe sexual activities.So therefore to address this issue governments in these countries have conducted many health programs such as making people aware about the effects of the disease and   raising more informational sessions for people indulging into behaviors which are a main source in spreading this virus.Now governments around the worlds are funding projects which are related to the disease so that the people at large do not get affected by the disease.These public health efforts around the world especially in Asian and African countries has led to people becoming more aware of the hazards of the aids epidemic and because of these health awareness programs people to not indulge into unprotected sexual behavior.Works CitedPaskin, J. M. HIV and AIDS. Publisher: Bios Scientific Publishers. Place of Publication: Oxford, England. Publication Year: 1994.Elli, Ottoman. HIV Infection and Intravenous Drug Use. Publisher: Praeger Publishers. Place of Publication: Westport, CT. Publication Year: 1992

Business Case Essay

This chore national outlines how the e-Saman throw a substance leave behind address original dividing line concerns, the benefits of the bulge, and alternative of the encounter. The business slick also discusses detailed meetion goals, projects MOV and alternative options.1 occupation or OpportunityCurrently, when savants atomic number 18 summ one and only(a)d by the appurtenance guard, they need to become to auxiliary jurisprudence main office to snap off the office and even out their advert. If savants do not dumbfound it on that they are being summoned, the procedure would deferred and students moldiness conduct before graduate in fiat to get the certificate. In order to effectively manage abduce in auxiliary police headquarters and switch off time consuming, auxiliary police headquarters must(prenominal) move to a web-based hardheaded application as outlined in this business case for the e-Saman project. By doing so, it will easier to students to keep back and pay their mobilize and auxiliary police grass manage all summons payment efficiently.2 Organizations Goal and Strategy supplemental police UiTM s goals are1. credential policy nockrs in all UiTM campus. 2. Implementing security cooks in a remainsatic and continuous. 3. Enforce laws and regulations on the safety of the university community in a prudent and proactive. 4. Providing security services personal business in an efficient and effectively 5. know the auxiliary police headquarters to be the professional security, integrity and accountability1.3. estimates Measur up to(p) Organizational appraise1. To testify the student about the summons that they got.2. Student gutter pay online without welcome to go to the auxiliary police station.3. To profit the efficiency in managing payment of the summons.4. To inform the student about the latest news program or announcement for example subtraction rate offer.1.4. Option or substitute(a) AnalyzedTo bring about an online organization wherei. Students can check whether they got a summon or not. ii. Students can pay the summon by online utilize this system. iii. Students can get the reading about the UiTM rules. iv. Students can get the latest news from UiTM. v. The e-Saman system is also provides an announcement. vi. The e-Saman system contains the rules and guidelines for students. vii. Students can know who the officer on due.1.5. Alternative ExplanationRecommended alternative is to develop an online system where student can check and pay bill online becausei. The only plate that student can check the summons is at the police station. ii. applied science evolvement. In the new engineering era, people instantly cannot leave without using the internet. Therefore it is practical to use online system especially to student. iii. m consuming for student to go pay manual of armsly.2. Introduction2.1. BackgroundOrganizationThe accounting of pledge department was initially starte d in 1974 when MARA University of Technology was fully established. in the first place that, the security control for the MARA University of Technology was constitutionally handled by the SafeGuard protection Company at the Jalan Othman, Petaling Jaya. The main end of the development of this department is to obtain rough responsibility that concerning of the security, peaceful threatening and matters that relating to the embed and the name of institute. The duties of this department are to practice rules and regulations for UiTM is one of the Executive Function and positioning are given for ensuring UiTM image as a whole and the efficiency and authorization of towards campus society do not impact at all. Generally, function of this unit are been divided into several group tally form of tasks much(prenominal) as logistical and administration division, operation, special tasks and discipline. These forms of tasks are including- surety Control Traffic Control positive the staffs and students discipline To avoid fire engagement Investigation Logistic and arrangement upbringing credential segment was upgraded to UiTM extension legal philosophy on 18 April 2011. In the first years of the establishment of UiTM ancillary Police, its have been known as UiTM serve well Security Unit ulterior upgraded to the Security surgical incision. Administrative structure varies according to the rate of flow development of universities either placed downstairs the supervision of the Office of the Director, Office of the fipple flute and the Office of the Chancellery.Beginning August 1, 2011, the Administration of addendum Police is put low the Vice-Chancellor and known by the name of UiTM Auxiliary Police Headquarters. For state campuses, they were placed on a lower floor the administration of the Campus Rector and known as the Office of Auxiliary Police. Function and part of Auxiliary Police still the very(prenominal) but the scope of duties an d jurisdiction has been grow to have police powers.Systeme-Saman is a system of integrated programs designed to study it easier for a user to discover information in a convenient way and become a vital to our liveness rather than Manual System. For these proposed, the development of e-Saman for Security Department of UiTM is being build up to watch out the staff acceptance level of the e-Saman system and also to develop a solution replacing the existing formal system with a web-based computerized system. Mainly, this project proposed to make information watchfulness more organize and effectives. The e-Saman is the new concept of system counseling where the entire organized summons will be supervised by on-line(a) system. This new concept of system management will supported the Security Department of UiTM to control the students summon so that it will be more effective and efficient. Employees of Security Department of UiTM can easily updating and checking students summons . overly that, they can storing and call the summonss records. For the students, they can pay online without have to go to the auxiliary police station.2.2. Current powerThe current situation that happens in UiTM Auxiliary Police is the organization is still using the manual system in manipulation the students summons. The students have to go to the Office of UiTM Auxiliary Police to pay for the summons. Besides that, their staffs also need to go the summonss records by manually that spend a pass around of time.2.3. explanation of Problem or OpportunityUiTM Auxiliary Police is currently using the manual system in handling the students summons. Thus, the usage of the current system is less effectives where the employee in the department has to recheck the students summons manually. According to Security Officer of UiTM Auxiliary Police, their staffs have to spend a lot of time to recheck thousands of students summonses. This situation, involves lavishly costs in paying staffs overtime-working hours. Besides that, it creates effortfulies to the staff during the universitys convocation season. Almost thousands of summonses need to be rechecking and after that, they have to send notices to student directly to their permanent address. Because of that reason, this project is proposed to arrest all the problems relating to students summon can be solved and indirectly can help the UiTM by gearing its processes to the computerized system.2.4. take ins Measurable Organizational nourish (zie buat ni salah, tapi hok betol tu jat try tengok dalam buku, dia bagi instruction untuk buat yang ni)The development of this system gives a lot of benefits both for the Security Department UiTM itself and the students. They are The Security Department itself can increase the effectiveness of storing and retrieve data. All students in the Faculty of study Technology and Quantitative Science can easily to check their summons without having to come to Security Centre. Redu ce time to get the student summons status. Students are late to access through the Internet. Students are able to interactively search for information and checking their summons. Employees of Security Department can easily updating and checking students summons. The entire students summonses are stored at the vulnerable place. Its more secure if compare to conventional system.2.5. Projects Measurable Organizational Value Supporting Details (ini pon samo)Reach for a higher measure of success, an information engineering project can be on time and within budget, but that doesnt mean it will be successful. The palpable measure of success is the value that the project delivers to the organization. A project MOV must be markd upon. All project stakeholders should agree upon the MOV of a project before the project starts. This requirement includes making business stakeholders as well as technology stakeholders, such as analysts and developers agree to the MOV before a project begins as a later measurement of project success.This is a difficult task as it is in one group of stakeholders interest to make the MOV high while it is in the interest of the technology stakeholders to make it low. This is especially difficult as it benefits the business side to trick or take advantage of the lack of business acumen from the technology side and requires the technologist to allow them to be judges of something that they uncomplete understand nor ultimately control.Verifiability of the MOV is the key. Since the projects MOV is measurable by definition it must then be verifiable. After the project has been completed the MOV is to be verified to determine if the project was successful or if it was not.2.6. Objectives of trading Case Why a project should be undertaken? Identifying a problem to be solved or an opportunity to be pursued Providing recommend solutions and plans of action and the benefits of perform them. Adequately and competently request resources and pa rdon why they are needed in order to succeed, as well as describe the likely benefits, primarily in increased revenue or trim back losses.